High-Speed Buses Mastery

Master high-speed bus protocols for chip design - PCIe, CXL, UCIe, and custom high-performance interconnects in silicon.

PCIe Protocol Deep Dive

PCIe 3.0/4.0/5.0/6.0 architecture, transaction layer, data link layer, and physical layer implementation.

CXL (Compute Express Link)

CXL 1.1/2.0/3.0 protocols, cache coherency, memory semantics, and accelerator connectivity.

UCIe (Universal Chiplet)

UCIe standard for chiplet interconnection, die-to-die communication, and advanced packaging.

SERDES Design

High-speed serializer/deserializer IP design, CDR circuits, and multi-gigabit transceivers.

HBM & DDR Interfaces

High Bandwidth Memory (HBM), DDR4/5 controllers, and memory interface optimization.

RTL Implementation

Verilog/SystemVerilog implementation of high-speed bus controllers and PHY interfaces.

Signal Integrity

High-speed signal design, transmission lines, crosstalk, and SI/PI co-simulation.

Protocol Verification

UVM testbenches, protocol checkers, and assertion-based verification for high-speed buses.

Performance Optimization

Bandwidth maximization, latency reduction, and throughput optimization techniques.

Error Detection & Recovery

ECC, CRC, retry mechanisms, and fault-tolerant design for high-speed interfaces.

Clock Domain Crossing

Asynchronous interfaces, CDC techniques, and multi-clock domain high-speed designs.

Power Management

Link power states, dynamic voltage scaling, and power-efficient high-speed interface design.

Debug & Analysis

Protocol analyzers, link training debug, and performance monitoring for high-speed buses.

AI Accelerator Interfaces

High-speed interconnects for AI/ML accelerators, GPU connections, and neural processing units.

SoC Integration

Integrating high-speed buses in SoC designs, system architecture, and interconnect topologies.

Advanced Packaging

2.5D/3D integration, interposer design, and high-speed signaling in advanced packages.

Compliance Testing

PCI-SIG compliance, electrical testing, and protocol conformance validation.

Link Training & Equalization

Automatic link training, adaptive equalization, and channel compensation techniques.

Timing Closure

Setup/hold optimization, pipeline design, and timing closure for multi-gigabit interfaces.

Eye Diagram Analysis

Signal quality analysis, jitter measurement, and high-speed signal characterization.

Multi-Lane Design

Lane bonding, skew compensation, and multi-lane high-speed interface implementation.

Advanced Features

Virtual channels, quality of service, and advanced flow control in high-speed protocols.

Protocol Bridges

High-speed to AMBA bridges, protocol conversion, and interface adaptation in silicon.

Custom High-Speed Protocols

Designing proprietary high-speed protocols, custom serializers, and application-specific interfaces.