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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • Reading Paths
  • Glossary
  • Metrics Reference
  • Formal Cheat Sheet
  • Formal Foundations19
  • Properties and SVA16
  • Property Development and Constraints19
  • Proof Engines and Convergence23
  • Formal Applications20
  • Equivalence Checking14
  • Formal Coverage and Signoff15
  • Methodology and Debug13
  • Interview Prep15
    • Formal Whiteboard Framework
    • Scenario: A Proof That Will Not Converge
    • Scenario: Everything Proves, Nothing Is Reached
    • Scenario: A Late ECO Breaks Equivalence
    • Scenario: A Deadlock-Like Trace in Arbiter and Fabric
    • Rapid Fire by Theme
      • Rapid Fire: Assume, Assert, and Vacuity
      • Rapid Fire: Induction and Bounded Proofs
      • Rapid Fire: Liveness and SVA
      • Rapid Fire: Abstraction, Equivalence, and Signoff
    • Numeric Drills
    • Spot the Bug in the Answer
  • Capstone: A Chip-Block Verification Lab24
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←Interview Prep
  1. Topics
  2. Formal Verification
  3. Interview Prep
  4. Rapid Fire by Theme

Part 9 of 10Part 9 of 10/Interview PrepAll levels

Rapid Fire by Theme

Drill twelve questions per theme with short answers that name each trap and teaching lesson.

  • 4topics
  • 4lessons

Panel questions come in bursts, one per minute, and each tests whether the answer names the mechanism or recites a slogan. These four drills rehearse the bursts by theme: assume and vacuity, induction and bounds, liveness and SVA, abstraction and signoff. Read each question, answer aloud in two sentences, then check the answer and the trap: the trap column names the mistake the question is fishing for.

Drill

After it you can...

Rapid Fire: Assume, Assert, and Vacuity

Place every directive on the right side and kill every vacuous pass.

Rapid Fire: Induction and Bounded Proofs

State what any bound and any induction step promise.

Rapid Fire: Liveness and SVA

Separate safety from liveness and read every operator at cycle level.

Rapid Fire: Abstraction, Equivalence, and Signoff

Price an abstraction, read a miter, and close a signoff.

Suggested order: any order works, but take them in listed order before an interview: the first drill fixes the vocabulary every other drill assumes. Each drill links back to the teaching lesson that proves its answers.

One question per minute leads to a two sentence answer, then naming the trap, then the link to the teaching lesson behind it.
How to use a rapid-fire drill: answer, name the trap, follow the link for the proof.
Check yourself Why does every drill end with a link instead of a longer answer?

The drill tests recall under time pressure; the teaching lesson carries the proof. A rapid-fire answer that grows into an explanation fails the format it rehearses.

Related topics

  • Framework: Scoring Rubric and Structure

  • SystemVerilog: SVA Interview Drills

  • DV Puzzles: SVA Assertion Puzzles

PreviousNext: Rapid Fire: Assume, Assert, and Vacuity

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See also

  • Formal Whiteboard Framework
  • Scenario: A Proof That Will Not Converge
  • Scenario: Everything Proves, Nothing Is Reached