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Course contents

  • Getting Started with AI for VLSI Engineers5
  • Just Enough AI: Models and Context15
  • Prompting13
  • Trust and Verification14
  • Using AI for Engineering Work17
  • Engineering Walkthroughs7
    • Specification to Requirements
    • RTL Review
    • Verification Plan and Assertions
    • Scoreboard Debug
    • Timing Report
    • Physical Design Reports
    • Engineering Writing
  • Practical Foundations for AI Workflows4
  • Engineering Data5
  • Retrieval-Augmented Generation6
  • Agents and Tool Use18
  • Agent Design8
  • MCP and Skills6
  • Multi-Agent Design6
  • Practical Capstone6
  • Tokens, Cost and Latency12
  • Agentic Workflows for Chip Teams18
  • Interview and Judgment10
  • AI Skills: Full Course Index
  • Working with AI Glossary
  • Working with AI Cheatsheet
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‹Engineering Walkthroughs
  1. Topics
  2. AI Skills for VLSI Engineers
  3. Engineering Walkthroughs
  4. Specification to Requirements

Role-based VLSI Walkthroughs · Beginner

Specification to Requirements

Turn a short peripheral specification into checkable requirements without filling gaps with guesses.

On this page

    Problem and evidence

    You receive a short DCPeripheral brief and need to prepare a review before anyone writes more RTL. A useful AI task is extracting obligations and questions. A dangerous task is asking for a complete specification from a few sentences: the answer may quietly choose a bus protocol, reset cancellation rule, or latency. Those choices affect the driver, scoreboard, assertions, and software interface. The assistant should expose each missing decision so the responsible engineer can resolve it.

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    SYNTHETIC specification excerpt, revision A:
    S1: Rising clk with rst_n=0 clears config_q to 0 and empties the queue.
        Reset has priority over ordinary updates.
    S2: Outside reset, cfg_write applies an accepted internal 8-bit write.
        Otherwise the configuration register holds its value.
    S3: The request FIFO has four entries.
    S4: Queue acceptance, response latency, and reset cancellation are TBD.

    Ask for an artifact

    Give the assistant this excerpt and request one row per obligation: ID, source sentence, trigger, observable result, and proposed verification. Require a separate open-question list. An atomic requirement has one behavior you can inspect; putting reset, queue ordering, and latency in the same sentence makes failures difficult to classify. Keep the source revision attached because a later clarification can change a requirement without changing the assistant's wording.

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    PROMPT:
    Using only revision A, draft requirements for DCPeripheral.
    Separate explicit facts from proposed derived requirements and unknowns.
    For each row name the evidence and a future check. Do not invent a bus.
    Return questions for S4; do not resolve them yourself.

    ID and source

    Checkable obligation

    Proposed check

    R1 / S1

    A rising edge sampling rst_n=0 clears config_q

    Drive nonzero config, sample reset at an edge, inspect post-update state

    R2 / S1

    That edge also empties the queue

    Start occupied, apply reset, inspect occupancy after update

    R3 / S2

    Accepted cfg_write loads the supplied eight bits outside reset

    Use 0xA5 and compare the post-update register

    R4 / S2

    No write outside reset preserves config_q

    Observe two idle edges after a write

    R5 / S3

    Queue storage accommodates four accepted requests

    Inspect representation and propose a four-entry boundary scenario

    This synthetic answer is useful because its rows can be challenged individually. R5 still needs acceptance semantics before an executable end-to-end test is possible. A four-entry capacity says how much storage exists; it does not say whether a request presented while full is stalled, rejected, or accepted alongside a dequeue. Likewise, eight-bit data does not imply eight-bit addresses or byte-enable support. Keep these questions visible rather than hiding them in a testbench default.

    Seven nodes trace FIFO depth four to a planned count-width check pending RTL; response timing is unspecified.
    Trace a claim to its requirement and evidence; a response deadline remains unknown.

    Common pitfall

    False AI claim, synthetic: 'The fifth bus request must return an error within one cycle.' Neither an error response nor a one-cycle deadline appears in revision A. Record a question instead of turning this sentence into a requirement.

    Exercise and expected checks

    Add a row for a clock edge that samples reset low and cfg_write high together. Then identify two questions required before checking a read response. Write the row so a reviewer can distinguish the reset value from the written value without knowing any external protocol. Do not add a requirement that reset assertion between edges immediately changes state.

    Check yourself What is the expected requirement row and which questions remain?

    R6 / S1: a rising edge sampling rst_n=0 must clear config_q to 0 even if cfg_write=1; propose a conflicting 0xA5 write as the check. Ask when a read is accepted and when its response is observable. Pending-response treatment across reset remains another explicit question.

    Limits and reference

    The table is a review draft, not approval of the specification or evidence that the RTL complies. Keep proposed tests in a planned state until results exist. A requirements owner must settle ambiguities, and each resolution should update the source revision and dependent artifacts. For requirement-writing guidance see NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, Revision 2 (2016), Appendix C; the project-specific rows here are original synthetic examples.

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    See also

    • Verification Plan and Assertions
    • Scoreboard Debug
    • Timing Report