Link Training: Reports & Metrics

Reports and metrics

Reports & Metrics for Link Training focuses on training pass rate, time-to-L0, fallback mode frequency. The goal is to connect observed symptom to boundary mechanism, ownership, and signoff risk.

Reports convert training pass rate, time-to-L0, fallback mode frequency into release decisions. A single average metric is insufficient; use tails, mode breakdowns, and trend under controlled conditions.

Metric movement

METRIC GRAPH — training pass rate, time-to-L0, fallback mode frequency

health / margin
  ^
  |                         target
  |                       - - - - - - -
  |                  o post-fix
  |              o
  |         o baseline
  |    o failing run
  +--------------------------------------> debug iteration
    repro setup    root-cause proof    release candidate

Readout:
  - compare only equivalent mode, payload, clock, and environment tags
  - separate symptom stabilization from true mechanism closure

Distribution view

METRIC DISTRIBUTION — Link Training

occurrence
  |      ***
  |    *******
  |  ***********
  |*************  <- left tail (worst boundary excursions)
  +--------------------> margin / stability / error metric
  bad                 nominal

Fix the tail first; average value can hide integration escapes.

• Track training pass rate, time-to-L0, fallback mode frequency by mode and stress condition.

• Report p95/p99 or worst-case tail when intermittent escapes matter.

• Store metric with exact artifact and configuration tags.

• Separate symptom stabilization from mechanism closure.

AMS deep dive

SerDes closure requires protocol, training, and SI evidence together.

Concept diagram

SERDES FLOW

training -> equalization -> lane margin -> protocol stability

Metric graph

BER VS EQ

BER
 ^
 |  high  low  high
 +-----------------> EQ setting

Reports and artifacts

• lane BER

• training state transitions

• EQ sweep report

• link retry counters

Mini case study

Link looked protocol-clean but lane margin collapsed under thermal sweep.

Debug branches

• Correlate LTSSM and lane metrics

• Check SI margins

• Review firmware timeout assumptions

Senior review question

Ask: what boundary condition proves this topic is actually closed?

Key takeaways

• State boundary, mode, and evidence tag with every claim.

• Always align analog, digital, and physical owners before signoff decisions.

Common pitfalls

• Fixing averages while tails still fail.

• Skipping package/supply evidence in jitter or SerDes issues.

• Shipping with waivers that lack owner and expiration criteria.

Reading reports