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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • Reading Path
  • CDC/RDC Glossary
  • CDC/RDC Metrics Reference
  • CDC/RDC Interview Prep
  • CDC/RDC Signoff Cheatsheet
  • Clock Domains and Failure Modes8
  • Metastability and Synchronizers16
  • CDC Protocols and Handshakes16
  • Reconvergence and Gray Coding16
    • Gray Code Crossing
    • Reconvergence Analysis
    • Multi-bit Crossing Strategies
    • Reconvergence Debug
      • Reading a Reconvergence Report
      • Worked Reconvergence Example
      • Fix and Recheck
      • Regression Guards
  • Reset Domain Crossing16
  • Architecture and Design Rules16
  • CDC Signoff Methodology24
  • RDC Signoff16
  • Debug and Case Studies11
  • CDC and RDC Interview Prep30
  • Capstone: Sign Off a Multi-clock Peripheral4
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‹Reconvergence Debug
  1. Topics
  2. CDC & RDC
  3. Reconvergence and Gray Coding
  4. Reconvergence Debug
  5. Regression Guards

Part 4 · Reconvergence and Gray Coding · All levels

Regression Guards

Assertions and review rules that keep reconvergence from coming back.

On this page

    Reconvergence returns through small edits: someone synchronises a second copy “for convenience”, adds a qualifier path, or re-times a pulse. Regression guards make each of those edits fail fast, in simulation or in review, before the next signoff round.

    Assertions that guard the structure

    Guard

    What it catches

    Held-data stability assertion on every qualified bundle

    Any new writer or re-timed window that moves the bus under an armed qualifier

    One-pulse-per-transfer check on load and strobe paths

    Merged or doubled pulses after stage changes

    Scoreboard pairing of message with meaning (mode with start, data with valid)

    Stale-meaning captures, the exact symptom of the worked example

    Convergence-point inventory as a checked-in list

    A new separately synchronised copy of an already-crossed source shows up as an unlisted meeting

    Review rules

    • Every new synchroniser instantiation names its source event and lists the signals already crossing from that event; a second crossing of the same event needs a written reason.

    • Every qualifier or strobe carries its stability argument (protocol, window, assertion) in the same change, not as follow-up work.

    • Structural CDC analysis runs on every change touching a crossing, not only at milestones; reconvergence findings block the change.

    • The finding tracker stays linked: fixed findings keep their evidence, so a reintroduced pattern matches a known history.

    Interview

    “How do you stop CDC bugs coming back?” Name one automated guard (stability assertions plus structural analysis on every change) and one process guard (the synchroniser-per-source-event review rule), and say which failure each catches.

    Check yourself A designer adds a debug tap that synchronises an already-crossed control signal a second time for visibility. Which guards fire?

    The review rule (a second crossing of the same source event needs a written reason) and, if the tap fans into destination logic, the convergence-point inventory. If the tap is purely observational to a register the tools can see is a dead end for logic, that evidence closes it.

    Related topics

    • Fix and recheck

    • Design: CDC verification

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    See also

    • Reading a Reconvergence Report
    • Worked Reconvergence Example