VLSI DV Interview Puzzles · All levels

Functional Coverage Puzzles: Tricky Q&A

Rapid-fire interview Q&A for Functional Coverage Puzzles.

Section Q&A

Rapid-fire questions an interviewer asks around Functional Coverage Puzzles. Answer out loud, then check yourself.

Q1. When calculating coverage, what is the first sanity check before reading percentages?

Answer: Confirm scored denominator construction: which bins are legal, ignored, illegal, default, and thresholded by at_least. Wrong denominator means misleading percentages.

Trap: Jumping directly to percentages without verifying which bins are actually scored.

Q2. How do binsof and intersect typically break interview answers on cross coverage?

Answer: Candidates forget these filters reshape tuple space. You must compute filtered scored bins first, then map sampled tuples to that reduced denominator.

Trap: Using raw Cartesian product math even after explicit binsof/intersect filtering.

Q3. What practical difference should you remember between get_coverage and get_inst_coverage?

Answer: get_coverage reports aggregate type-level status, while get_inst_coverage reports one instance. Use both to avoid hiding weak instances behind strong aggregates.

Trap: Treating a high aggregate as proof that every instance is healthy.

Q4. What is a reliable closure triage order when progress stalls?

Answer: First prove reachability, then verify sampling timing/region, then inspect option thresholds and weights, and only then scale stimulus.

Trap: Adding random tests first instead of checking for unreachable bins or timing-model bugs.