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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • The NanoSoC Tour
  • Reading Path
  • SoC Glossary10
  • SoC Metrics Reference
  • SoC Cheatsheet
  • What SoC Integration Is12
  • Architecture and Budgets21
  • Memory Maps and Address Decode26
  • Interconnect and Bus Fabrics26
    • Topologies and Bridges
    • AXI Integration Details
    • Ordering and Deadlock at the Top
    • QoS and Arbitration
    • NoC Basics
    • Coherent Interconnect View
    • Firewalls and Protection
    • Bandwidth and Latency Verification
      • The Budget Table as Arithmetic
      • Checking Latency Link by Link
      • Performance Counters and What a Miss Looks Like
  • Clock and Reset Architecture24
  • Power Architecture21
  • Interrupts, DMA and Peripherals15
  • Memories, Boot and Security21
  • IP Integration and Handoff21
  • Top-Level Verification and Bring-up21
  • Package, Pads and I/O18
  • Chip Signoff and Tapeout18
  • SoC Interview Prep16
  • Capstone: Integrate NanoSoC14
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←Interconnect and Bus Fabrics
  1. Topics
  2. SoC Design
  3. Interconnect and Bus Fabrics
  4. Bandwidth and Latency Verification

Part 4 of 14Part 4 of 14/Interconnect and Bus FabricsAll levels

Bandwidth and Latency Verification

Checking the link table with a model and with simulation: counters, traffic, and what a miss looks like.

  • 3topics
  • 3lessons

The NanoSoC link table is a promise: 361.4 MB/s per stream, 125 ns per fast register read, 750 ns per 64-word job. This topic turns the promise into a method: recompute the table as a runnable model, recheck every latency link by link, then confirm both in simulation with traffic generators and performance counters. The method is chip-level performance verification against bandwidth budgets: a predicted number first, then a measured one, then a walk from any miss down to its link.

Lesson

After it you can...

The Budget Table as Arithmetic

Reproduce every row of the NanoSoC link table from width, clock and burst efficiency, and see the model fail when a clock changes.

Checking Latency Link by Link

Recompute every NanoSoC latency, the DMA job formula and the boot sum, and see which boot steps depend on which latency.

Performance Counters and What a Miss Looks Like

Size counters, drive traffic, and read a miss down to its link.

Suggested order: top to bottom. The model first, because simulation without a predicted number is just activity; latency second, because the job formula depends on it; counters third, where the two meet the lab. The full verification flow this method plugs into lives in the verification and bring-up section.

Check yourself Simulation reports 300 MB/s on a link budgeted at 361.4. Is the budget wrong or the design?

Neither yet: the budget assumes 16-beat bursts with one bubble per burst, so first check the burst lengths the generator actually issued. A miss with short bursts is a test artefact, not a design failure.

Expect to verify a bandwidth number on a whiteboard: state the model, the traffic, the counters and the miss drill. The three lessons are that answer in order.

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See also

  • Topologies and Bridges
  • AXI Integration Details
  • Ordering and Deadlock at the Top