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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • The NanoSoC Tour
  • Reading Path
  • SoC Glossary10
  • SoC Metrics Reference
  • SoC Cheatsheet
  • What SoC Integration Is12
  • Architecture and Budgets21
  • Memory Maps and Address Decode26
  • Interconnect and Bus Fabrics26
    • Topologies and Bridges
    • AXI Integration Details
      • IDs, Outstanding Counts and No WID
      • The 4 KB Rule and Burst Splitting
      • Width, Clock and Endianness Conversion
    • Ordering and Deadlock at the Top
    • QoS and Arbitration
    • NoC Basics
    • Coherent Interconnect View
    • Firewalls and Protection
    • Bandwidth and Latency Verification
  • Clock and Reset Architecture24
  • Power Architecture21
  • Interrupts, DMA and Peripherals15
  • Memories, Boot and Security21
  • IP Integration and Handoff21
  • Top-Level Verification and Bring-up21
  • Package, Pads and I/O18
  • Chip Signoff and Tapeout18
  • SoC Interview Prep16
  • Capstone: Integrate NanoSoC14
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←Interconnect and Bus Fabrics
  1. Topics
  2. SoC Design
  3. Interconnect and Bus Fabrics
  4. AXI Integration Details

Part 4 of 14Part 4 of 14/Interconnect and Bus FabricsAll levels

AXI Integration Details

IDs, outstanding transactions, the 4 KB rule, width and clock conversion: the AXI details the integrator owns.

  • 3topics
  • 3lessons

The protocol course teaches what AXI means; this topic teaches what the integrator must get right so that it keeps meaning it after two masters, a clock crossing and a bridge. The jobs are concrete: size the ID fields so responses return to the right master, split every burst that would cross a 4 KB page, and cross the 192 to 96 MHz boundary without losing a beat. Each lesson states the rule, works it on NanoSoC numbers, and gives the check that catches the violation.

Lesson

After it you can...

IDs, Outstanding Counts and No WID

Size ID widths through the fabric and explain why AXI4 write data has no ID.

The 4 KB Rule and Burst Splitting

Split any burst at 4 KB boundaries and verify the split in simulation.

Width, Clock and Endianness Conversion

Cross the CPU to fabric boundary and justify why NanoSoC converts clocks but not widths.

Suggested order: top to bottom. IDs first, because every later lesson assumes responses find their master; then the 4 KB rule, which is the commonest protocol violation a burst-issuing master commits; then conversion, which is where the CDC discipline enters. For signal-level protocol meaning see AXI4 and for width theory Width and Endianness Conversion.

Check yourself A second CPU is added to NanoSoC. Which integration numbers change?

The master-index field of the fabric ID grows from one bit to two (three masters), the outstanding-transaction budget per slave must cover two CPUs plus the SBR, and the round-robin arbitration table gains a master. The 4 KB rule and the bridge timings do not change.

Expect an AXI trap: ordering across IDs, a burst crossing 4 KB, or a bridge that drops ID bits. The three lessons are those traps in order, each with the NanoSoC answer.

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See also

  • Topologies and Bridges
  • Ordering and Deadlock at the Top
  • QoS and Arbitration