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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • The NanoSoC Tour
  • Reading Path
  • SoC Glossary10
  • SoC Metrics Reference
  • SoC Cheatsheet
  • What SoC Integration Is12
  • Architecture and Budgets21
  • Memory Maps and Address Decode26
  • Interconnect and Bus Fabrics26
  • Clock and Reset Architecture24
  • Power Architecture21
  • Interrupts, DMA and Peripherals15
  • Memories, Boot and Security21
  • IP Integration and Handoff21
  • Top-Level Verification and Bring-up21
    • SoC Verification Strategy
    • Integration and Connectivity Tests
    • Firmware Co-Simulation
    • Performance Verification
    • Gate-Level and Power-Aware Simulation
    • Emulation and FPGA Prototyping
      • When to Leave Simulation
      • What Changes in the Design for Prototyping
      • Speed, Visibility and Hybrid Runs
    • Bring-Up Readiness
  • Package, Pads and I/O18
  • Chip Signoff and Tapeout18
  • SoC Interview Prep16
  • Capstone: Integrate NanoSoC14
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←Top-Level Verification and Bring-up
  1. Topics
  2. SoC Design
  3. Top-Level Verification and Bring-up
  4. Emulation and FPGA Prototyping

Part 10 of 14Part 10 of 14/Top-Level Verification and Bring-upAll levels

Emulation and FPGA Prototyping

When simulation is too slow for the question, what the move to an emulator or an FPGA prototype changes in NanoSoC, and what it costs in visibility.

  • 3topics
  • 3lessons

A NanoSoC boot is 1.2 million cycles and simulates in minutes; a million DMA jobs is 216 million cycles and simulates in half a day. At some workload size the simulator stops being the right tool, and the chip has to run on faster hardware before silicon exists. This topic is the integrator's view of that move: when it pays, what in NanoSoC must be replaced or rewritten to fit the platform, and what the platform can no longer show you. It is conceptual and vendor-neutral, and every speed and build time in it is an illustrative teaching value. The planted bugs it refers to are listed in the NanoSoC tour. For the platforms themselves see the verification-first-principles pages linked from each lesson; for debugging on them see the Hardware Debug lesson.

Lesson

After it you can...

When to Leave Simulation

Compute the break-even workload for a faster platform and decide which NanoSoC tests move.

What Changes in the Design for Prototyping

List what NanoSoC must replace or rewrite to run on a prototype, and what each change hides.

Speed, Visibility and Hybrid Runs

Size a trace window, connect the pins to host models, and say which planted bugs each platform can find.

Suggested order: top to bottom. The break-even first, because it decides whether to move at all; then the design changes, which are the price of moving; then visibility, which is what the price buys back and what it does not.

Check yourself Why do the register sweeps stay in simulation even when a prototype is available?

They are tiny, they need full visibility to name the failing register, and a rebuild to change a probe costs hours on a prototype against seconds in simulation. Speed only pays when the workload is long.

Expect: when would you use emulation or an FPGA prototype, and what can you not verify there? Answer with the break-even idea, the speed against visibility trade, and one NanoSoC example of a bug the platform cannot show (the missing isolation clamps).

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See also

  • SoC Verification Strategy
  • Integration and Connectivity Tests
  • Firmware Co-Simulation