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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • Reading Path
  • STA Glossary
  • STA Metrics Reference
  • STA Mastery Cheatsheet
  • Timing Paths and Checks16
  • Constraints & SDC Fundamentals20
    • Clock Definition & Uncertainty
    • Generated Clocks & Dividers
    • I/O Timing & Boundary Contracts
      • Input and Output Delay
      • Interface Budgets
      • Virtual Clocks
      • I/O Constraint Audit
    • Exceptions & Audit Policy
    • Environment and Design Rules
  • Delay Graph & Path Analysis16
  • Beyond Setup and Hold16
  • Multi-Corner Multi-Mode Signoff16
  • OCV, AOCV, POCV and Variation16
  • Crosstalk and Noise16
  • ECO and Closure16
  • STA Debug Playbook16
  • STA Interview Prep26
  • Capstone Timing Signoff Lab4
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‹Constraints & SDC Fundamentals
  1. Topics
  2. Static Timing Analysis
  3. Constraints & SDC Fundamentals
  4. I/O Timing & Boundary Contracts

Part 2 · Constraints and SDC · All levels

I/O Timing & Boundary Contracts

Telling STA what happens outside the block: input and output delays, interface budgets, virtual clocks, and auditing the boundary.

  • 4topics
  • 4lessons

Inside the design STA sees real cells and wires. At the boundary it sees nothing, so the boundary constraints are a contract: how late data arrives at each input, and how early it must leave each output. This topic covers set_input_delay and set_output_delay, how to budget an interface, virtual clocks, and the audit that catches unconstrained ports.

Lesson

After it you can...

Input and Output Delay

Derive and apply boundary delays with the right min and max.

Interface Budgets

Split a period between outside and inside.

Virtual Clocks

Use a clock that does not exist in the design as a reference.

I/O Constraint Audit

Find missing or inconsistent port constraints.

Check yourself What does set_input_delay represent?

The arrival time of data at the input port relative to a clock edge, set by the external launching logic and board delay. It is not a delay added inside the block.

Interview

Distinguish input delay (an arrival time) from driving cell (a slew model) and from a delay cell in the data path.

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See also

  • Clock Definition & Uncertainty
  • Generated Clocks & Dividers
  • Exceptions & Audit Policy