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Course contents

  • RTL Foundations36
  • Combinational Design25
  • Sequential Design27
  • FSM & Control27
  • Timing & Clocking39
  • Reset & CDC34
    • Reset Architecture
    • Metastability and Synchronisation
    • Asynchronous FIFO
    • CDC Protocols
    • Reset Domain Crossing
      • RDC Is CDC Plus Reset Asymmetry
      • Reset Isolation Pattern
      • Quiescent State Before Reset Release
      • RDC Signoff Checklist
      • Recovery, Removal and Verification Focus
    • CDC Verification
  • Memory & Buses57
  • Advanced RTL28
  • Senior & Interview76
  • Glossary and Notation
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‹Reset Domain Crossing
  1. Topics
  2. RTL Design
  3. Reset & CDC
  4. Reset Domain Crossing
  5. RDC Signoff Checklist

Part 6 · Reset & CDC · Intermediate

RDC Signoff Checklist

Checks and tools for signing off a design with multiple reset domains.

On this page

    Why this matters

    The pin reaches each domain through its own synchroniser, so two domains reset by the same pin still release on different cycles. RDC signoff needs evidence for structure, crossings, ordering, timing and a randomised reset test.

    After this lesson you can: work through the RDC signoff checklist and give the one-minute answer to how reset is signed off.

    The reset tree under review

    Every item on the checklist is a property of one part of the reset tree. Draw the tree first, then review it part by part.

    Flowchart. Reset pin and POR, and watchdog and software reset, both feed a reset controller and sequencer. The controller feeds a reset synchroniser on clk_a and one on clk_b. Each synchroniser resets its domain's flops. An arrow labelled crossing goes from domain A flops to domain B flops.
    A two-domain reset tree: all reset sources enter one controller, each domain has its own reset synchroniser, and the arrow between the domains is a reset domain crossing

    Read it top to bottom, from the reset sources to the flops they clear.

    • Sources: every box at the top is documented, and the watchdog and software resets follow the same rules as the pin.

    • Controller: it owns the release order, so the sequencer test and the peers-alive assertion check this box.

    • Synchronisers: one per domain, released synchronously, with recovery and removal checked by STA. No combinational logic on these nets.

    • The crossing arrow: each one is listed by the RDC tool and has isolation, protocol tolerance or a coordinated reset.

    Checklist

    Check

    How

    Every reset domain and its source are documented, with the clocks it serves

    Reset tree document; reset structure report from the RDC/lint tool

    Every asynchronous reset is released synchronously in its own domain

    Reset synchroniser per domain; structural check

    Every signal crossing from reset domain A to B is listed

    RDC tool report

    For each crossing: isolation, protocol tolerance, or coordinated reset

    Review of the report; waivers explained

    Data buses that cross are not reset (or are marked invalid while in reset)

    Code review; lint

    A reset event during any transfer leaves the crossing in a legal idle state

    Randomised reset tests (as in the first lesson)

    Release order is defined and verified

    Reset sequencer test; assertion that peers are alive before traffic

    Recovery/removal passes on every asynchronous reset release at all corners

    STA, including reset paths

    No combinational logic on asynchronous reset nets except clean muxes for test

    Structural reset check

    Software reset and watchdog paths follow the same rules

    Review the reset sources

    Waivers

    Some tool violations are acceptable, such as an isolated receiver or a reset-value leak the receiver ignores. Each needs a waiver with a reason.

    Someone other than the RTL author reviews the list. It is re-run on every reset-structure change.

    Common mistakes

    Tip

    The cheapest RDC test is a randomised reset test on every crossing: reset either side at random times, then check that traffic resumes and no word is duplicated or corrupted. The first lesson's testbench is a template.

    Common pitfall

    Don't treat 'both domains are reset by the same pin' as automatically safe. The pin reaches each domain through its own synchroniser, so the domains release at different cycles; protocol tolerance or sequencing is still needed.

    Interview

    A compact answer for “how do you sign off reset?”: structure (sync release per domain), crossings (isolated or tolerant), ordering (sequencer and ready flags), timing (recovery/removal) and a randomised reset test.

    Check yourself Which items in the checklist are checked by simulation, and which by static tools?

    Simulation: randomised reset during traffic, release order. Static: reset structure and synchronisers, crossing list, combinational logic on reset nets, recovery/removal (STA).

    Remember

    • Same reset pin does not mean same release time. Protocol tolerance or sequencing is still needed.

    • The cheapest RDC test is a randomised reset test on every crossing: reset either side at random times, then check traffic resumes with no duplicate or corrupted word.

    • Every tool waiver needs a reason, and someone other than the RTL author reviews the list after each reset-structure change.

    Rule of thumb: structure, crossings, ordering, timing, and a randomised reset test.

    Keep going

    • Interview: run a mock interview on this topic

    Related topics

    • Recovery, removal and verification

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    See also

    • RDC Is CDC Plus Reset Asymmetry
    • Reset Isolation Pattern