Skip to content
DenseChip
Learn
PracticeCode labInterview

DenseChip

Navigate

Menu

LearnPracticeCode labInterview

Tools

All toolsSV editorCode repoResume
DenseChip

Practice, courses, and chip-design tools in one focused workspace.

LearnPracticeCode labInterviewToolsLearning paths

© 2026 DenseChip

AboutContactPrivacyTerms
Skip to lesson

Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • Reading Path
  • STA Glossary
  • STA Metrics Reference
  • STA Mastery Cheatsheet
  • Timing Paths and Checks16
  • Constraints & SDC Fundamentals20
  • Delay Graph & Path Analysis16
  • Beyond Setup and Hold16
  • Multi-Corner Multi-Mode Signoff16
  • OCV, AOCV, POCV and Variation16
  • Crosstalk and Noise16
  • ECO and Closure16
  • STA Debug Playbook16
  • STA Interview Prep26
    • STA Whiteboard Framework
    • STA Framework Drills
    • Scenario: MMMC Storm
      • The Scenario
      • Investigation
      • Root Cause and Fix
      • How to Narrate It
    • Scenario: ECO Under Pressure
    • Scenario: Constraint Ghost
    • STA Interview Q&A Bank
    • STA Interview Q&A Bank (Expanded)
  • Capstone Timing Signoff Lab4
Loading lesson

‹Scenario: MMMC Storm
  1. Topics
  2. Static Timing Analysis
  3. STA Interview Prep
  4. Scenario: MMMC Storm
  5. Root Cause and Fix

Part 10 · Interview Prep · All levels

Root Cause and Fix

The cause is a corner list that assumed slow means hot; the fix is the cold scenario in the matrix plus ECOs aimed at the shared segments of the failing paths.

On this page

    Root cause

    The low-voltage setup scenarios were built from the hot-only rule: lowv_ss_cold_cworst ran, but its result was not expected, because the matrix treated hot as the slowest setup condition. At the low voltage of the new mode the cold condition is slower, so the result that matters for setup came from the scenario nobody watched. The violations are real: they would have appeared in silicon at cold, low voltage. Nothing is wrong with the constraints or the tools.

    Fix plan

    Step

    Action

    Why

    1

    Keep lowv_ss_cold_cworst and make its hold counterpart lowv_ff_hot mandatory

    The matrix must reflect library data, not a rule of thumb

    2

    Group the 2,400 failing endpoints by shared segments

    A few shared cells and nets usually carry most of them

    3

    Fix the shared segments first (sizing, buffering, threshold swaps)

    Highest paths cleared per change

    4

    Re-run all scenarios, hold in lowv_ff_hot especially

    Speed-ups erode hold; low-voltage hold is worst when hot

    5

    Document the corner rule: choose temperatures per voltage from library data

    Prevents the same miss in the next mode

    example.py
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    segments = {"seg1": 900, "seg2": 600, "seg3": 350, "seg4": 200, "seg5": 150, "others": 200}       # failing endpoints per shared segment
    total = sum(segments.values())
    assert total == 2400
    order = sorted(segments, key=lambda s: -segments[s])
    covered = 0
    rows = []
    for s in order:
        covered += segments[s]
        rows.append((s, round(covered / total, 3)))
    assert rows[:3] == [("seg1", 0.375), ("seg2", 0.625), ("seg3", 0.771)]
    remaining_after_three = total - sum(segments[s] for s in order[:3])
    assert remaining_after_three == 550
    print("PASS: fixing the three biggest shared segments covers", rows[2][1], "of the failing endpoints; remaining", remaining_after_three)

    Three shared segments account for 77% of the 2,400 endpoints; after fixing them 550 remain, which is a much smaller job and probably needs a few targeted fixes. That is the arithmetic for the nine-day plan: days 1 to 3 fix the shared segments and re-run, days 4 to 6 deal with the remaining 550, days 7 to 8 run the full matrix and review hold, day 9 is buffer. What not to do: waive the violations, loosen the derate for the scenario, or drop the scenario. All three hide a real failure.

    Common pitfall

    Fixing the 2,400 endpoints one by one. The shared segments are where the leverage is.

    Interview

    State the root cause as a rule that broke ('slow means hot') and say how you would prevent it next time.

    Check yourself Why check hold in lowv_ff_hot after the setup fixes?

    Setup fixes speed paths up and erode hold slack; at low voltage the fastest condition is hot, so hold is worst there.

    Related topics

    • Investigation

    • Next: How to Narrate It

    • Fixing Setup

    Previous

    163 / 183

    Next: How to Narrate It

    Up next

    Up nextHow to Narrate It

    Sign in to save progress

    Practice this lessonReport an error

    See also

    • The Scenario